Types of Titration Titration is a common technique of quantitative chemical lab analysis. This approach use to find an analyte’s undetermined concentration. Volumetric analysis is a technique for measuring volume that is significant in titration. By definition, titration is a volumetric and quantitative method for identifying an unknown solution concentration from a known solution concentration in the presence of an indicator.
Titration slowly adds a known concentration titrant solution to a known volume of an unknown concentration solution until the reaction reaches neutralisation. The titrant solution must meet the appropriate criteria to be a primary or secondary standard during the titration process. A colour change oft use to indicate neutralisation.
Types of Titration
There are different forms of titration when it comes to processes and goals. Nevertheless, redox titration and acid-base titration are the most used forms of titrations.
| Titration | |||
| Acid-base titration | Redox titration | Precipitation titration | Complexometric titrations |
Acid-base titration
An acid-base titration is a method of obtaining information about a solution that contains an acid or a base.
- The acid-base titration is dependent on the neutralising reaction between the acid analyte/base analyte.
- The method involves mixing a reagent with the sample solution until it reaches the desired pH level. This kind of titration is mainly based on a pH metre or a track change in pH.
Types of acid-base titration
| Types | Indicator | Example |
| Weak acid-weak base | No indicator is suitable | Ethanoic & ammonia |
| Weak acid-strong base | Phenolphthalein | Ethanoic acid & sodium hydroxide |
| Strong acid-weak base | Methyl orange | Hydrochloric acid & ammonia |
| Strong acid-strong base | Phenolphthalein | Hydrochloric acid & sodium hydroxide |
Precipitation titration
Precipitation titration is a type of titration where a precipitate forme during the titration procedure. The titrant reacts with the analyte to generate residue, an insoluble material in precipitation titration. It continues until all of the analytes have been consumed.
- An insoluble compound forme when a solution with a positively charged ion is mixed with another solution with a particular anion.
- An example is when silver nitrate (AgNO3) is added to a sodium chloride solution, it generates a white silver chloride (AgCl) precipitate.
Complexometric titration
Complexometric Titration is a method of volumetric analysis in which the endpoint of the titration is determined using a coloured complex.
- Since volumetric measurements are essential, it is sometimes referred to as volumetric analysis.
- Titrants are used as a standard solution.
- The volume of a titrant that has been absorbed is known as the titrant volume.
- The reaction quickly reaches equilibrium when each drop of titrant introduc.
- A complexometric titration can use to identify the equivalent point very precisely. The use of EDTA as titrant is quite well known in this process.
Redox titration
A redox reaction use to find the concentration of a given analyte in a laboratory environment. The titrant and the analyte undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction used in redox titration. A potentiometer or a redox indicator may require for these types of titrations. A disproportionation reaction is also an example of a redox reaction. It is one of the most frequent laboratory methods for determining the number of unknown analytes.
Conclusion
The goal of the titration is to discover the equivalence point or the point at which chemically equivalent amounts of the reactants mixe. Titration gradually adds a known concentration solution to a known volume of an unknown concentration solution until the reaction reaches neutralisation, which indicat by a colour shift.
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